Transistors
1948 – transistor (Bell Telephone Labs) – replaced larger vacuum tubes
- Used in computers by 1956 – 2nd Generation
UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer)
- 1951 – can store 12,000 digits in RAM.
EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Computer)
- 1952 – Ordinance department.
- John von Neumann (1903-1957) – EDVAC (1945) (1st Gen)